If it does, it's by luck. We don't test against Conda and the underlying tooling we use is currently fixed to Pip and standard Python venvs (via Pex).
We have looked at this a little bit, and it seems adding Conda support would be a fairly large endeavor. None of the core maintainers has experience with Conda IIUC; so that makes the likelihood of this getting tackled even smaller. So, you're out of luck today. Pants is ~infinitely flexible and this certainly could be supported with a good deal of elbow grease, but it would take a commitment by someone with experience there. We'd of course help with the Pants side of things.