The resource target and files it owns must lie at a "source root". Pants auto-determines these generally; ie: src/main/java, etc:
https://github.com/pantsbuild/pants/blob/master/src/python/pants/source/source_root.py#L125-L203
There is no way to take a resource nested under a source root and tell pants to move it back up to the root. NB: root-level resources are generally an anti-pattern, although much of the jvm world uses them 😕 If this is for your own private use, consider not using them!