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Pants

Is it safe to share `~/.cache/pants` between multiple users that spin up different pantsd processes simultaneously?

If you mean different system users then I am skeptical that this will work, I imagine there may be issues with colliding file ownership/permissions.

Beyond that the caches under that dir are already designed to be shared between multiple pantsd processes in different repos (with, I suspect, the implicit assumption that they are all run by the same os user)

Yeah, my main concern is some kind of race condition

I tried to share PANTS_NAMED_CACHES_DIR between multiple users but had no luck. File permissions were already a problem, i.e. directories created by one user where inaccessible by another (not sure if same group, though).
Race conditions are another concern I had. I ended up going with per-user caches.

There should not be race conditions for the same os user in multiple concurrent repos